Written By: Nikki Brown – UK Dog Whisperer
All species on the planet use different forms of communication with each other. Birds whistle and tweet, bees hum, elephants trumpet, wolves howl and growl, cats purr and meow and dolphins click and chirp. Our human voice box can pretty much replicate any animal or insect noise but as much as we can replicate them, most humans do not know what the animal is actually saying. The one form of communication we do have in common though is silent and non-verbal, it is what we would call body language. Every species uses their body to communicate and dogs are no exception.
What we think changes our feelings and our feelings are communicated through our body movements. When we are happy, proud and joyful, we stand up tall with our heads held high, chest out, shoulders back and we breathe deep and calmly. Our eyes become large and sparkle and our faces light up with a smile. When we feel sad or afraid, our body tenses up and closes down, our heads hang low, our shoulders slump and our chest concaves, which changes our breathing to short and shallow. Our eyes become sunken and perhaps fill up with tears and our foreheads bear a frown. Our energy weakens and everyone around us can just tell we are not happy.
We have to learn how to communicate our thoughts, feelings, needs and desires with others so we can ensure a great relationship with them. If we want a great relationship with our pet dog then we must take the time to learn their language so we can bridge the communication gap between our species and be able to solve any issues that come up in our relationship easily and effectively.
When we bring a dog into our home, we are in fact inviting the closest descendant to the wolf into our living room and yet how many dog owners actually take the time to really learn the language of their dog? I think dogs do a great job at learning human language and learning to associate our words and body movements with what we feel, want and need, so would it only be fair if we took the time to learn more of their language, so we could bridge the communication gap between our two species?
I have spent years studying the body language and signals of dogs and learnt what every tail or ear twitch means. I knew it was imperative to be able to speak the language of dog to be able to do my job efficiently and get the results that my clients were looking for. Being able to communicate with the animal means I can diagnose what the real problem is very quickly and offer the correct treatments to ensure a successful result is achieved.
During a consultation with my human clients, I teach them how to read their dog’s signals and how to use their own body language to communicate back to their animal and they are amazed at how instant their dogs behaviour changes. Communicating with animals is an art that needs to be practised but anyone can do it if they take the time to learn. I have listed below a few tips and pointers to help you understand how a dog communicates and how their communications differ from ours.
DOGS NOSE, EARS AND EYES
Let’s take a little look more closely at the dog’s eyes, ears and nose and see what role they play in the communication of a dog.
For the first 16 days of a dog’s life its nose is open and its eyes are ears are shut, therefor the dog learns to do everything with its nose first.
The dog’s nose is an important part of communication. Your dog will pick up smells way before you do. They can pick up the scent of another dog and sense whether the interaction will be friendly or confrontational.
How many dog owners get embarrassed by their dogs smelling another dog’s bottom? I encounter this scenario on my dog walk every day. When another dog and its owner approaches my dog, Annie, she will usually offer her bottom to the other dog if she senses the other dog is calm enough. The other owner starts to tell their dog off for sniffing Annie’s bottom and feels all embarrassed, so they order the dog to move away and leave Annie alone.
It is in fact the most polite way another dog can greet your dog, bottom sniffing is the equivalent to us shaking hands or hugging when we meet each other, so let your dog do it. There is nothing embarrassing about it in the dog world and it means that those two dogs like each other.
A dog’s ear position can tell you a lot to what state of mind they are in. When they are pinned back it can mean they are in an anxious state of mind, they are saying “I don’t want any trouble, or I am nervous or unsure about something” If the tail is tucked under as well as the ears pinned back then the dog is in a fear state of mind and feels threatened and unsure. This is a time to back off and leave the dog alone. Trying to comfort a dog in this state of mind with affection with only reinforces this state of mind even further.
Dog’s ears usually erect or prick up when they become interested in something, perhaps the sound of their meal coming or when you prepare to go on your walk together. However we need to see what the rest of the dog’s body is doing to really read what the ears are telling us. If your dog meets another dog and stands side on to it, with ears pricked up, tail high and wagging, body tense and eyes large, this can be a signal that the dog is in freeze mode and is likely to be feeling threatened in some way. Flight or fight usually follows a freeze position and it can be a stance of defence or dominance, so if you see your dog like this with another dog, give a correction to break that state of mind in both the dogs and you could save a dog fight from happening.
Dogs use their eyes to communicate a whole host of things. The biggest difference between the way dogs use their eyes and the way humans use their eyes is that humans will give direct eye contact when they want to communicate with another human being. Dogs avoid eye contact with each other as much as they possibly can and will actually direct their eye line to other parts of the other dog’s body or look away in another direction.
When a dog sees another dog approaching and then starts to sniff the ground and look away, the dog is actually giving off a calming signal to the other dog and saying “Hey calm down, I don’t want any trouble!”
If dogs stare at each other and give direct eye contact this is usually a confrontational sign and a fight is likely to happen.
So when you are next telling your dog off, do not look at it directly in the eyes as you will only keep the dog in a state of mind that is confrontational. Instead when correcting a dogs behaviour look at another part of its body.
A wagging tail can mean many things, it depends what position it is in to whether a dog is happy or not.
If the tail is horizontal and slightly relaxed and wagging then it is a sign that your dog is fairly relaxed and happy.
When a dog’s tail is held up high, stiff and wagging this means the dog has gone into defence mode and may take one of the three options, to Freeze, Fight or Flight.
I have had many clients call me in after their dog has attacked another dog or maybe one of the humans in the family and they say to me “I don’t understand why he bit that other dog/child, as his tail was wagging!” Once I explain and teach my clients how to read their dogs signals correctly, they can begin to understand and prevent any more attacks from happening by responding with the correction the moment they see their dog giving a particular signal that could potentially lead into an attack.
When the tail is tucked under the bottom this shows your dog is in fear mode and is very unsure or threatened about something and may go into submission or freeze or retreat.
Docked tails in my opinion are cruel as we are in fact taking away one of the dogs biggest communication tools! Without its tail, a dog really cannot talk to other dogs properly, not only that, but they have lost an important part of the body that acts as a balance mechanism. I urge you not to support any breeder who docks the tail of their dogs just for show or vanity.
Dog's Hackles
Hackles up on the neck and spine.
Hackles up on a dog fur means business! They are getting ready to fight and are displaying their ultimate dominance. Adrenaline is surging through their system and the hackles come up to make themselves look bigger to their opponent and to send a very clear warning message to back off.
If we can learn to read these other signals correctly we could prevent many more dog fights and attacks from happening. Many dog owners are not skilled at reading their dogs signals correctly and often miss them altogether and a fight between dogs can break out or a dog can bite a human. The dog may have given plenty of warning signals but the owner did not respond in time and the dog was left to feel that it must take on responsibility to defend its pack on what it perceives as danger.
If we can remember it is our job to look after and protect our dogs, we are their pack leaders. Dogs are intelligent but are only as intelligent as perhaps a 3 year old child. We would not give the responsibility of looking after us and our needs to a 3 year old child so we shouldn’t expect so much from our dogs either.
Dogs never work alone in a pack, they always work together and good communication skills are necessary for their survival. Take the time to learn the language of your dog so you can form a deep trust and bond and achieve a fantastic relationship with your trusted best friend and learn to work together on the challenges that appear for both of you.
If you would like to learn more about the language of dogs so you can bridge the communication gap between you and your best friend, contact Nikki through her website for more information. www.canineangel.co.uk











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